Macedonia is a very small country. The total population is slightly over 2 million people, which is much smaller than some of the largest cities in the world. The country has been through quite a lot in its history and the people of Macedonia have a very strong connection with one another. Food is always something that brings people together but in Macedonia, this is at a whole new level.
A couple of things make the culinary experience in this country extremely unique; its location is one of the most significant. Macedonia is neighbors with Greece, Bulgaria, and Albania, it was previously part of Yugoslavia, it is less than a thousand miles from both Turkey and Italy, and it's a very old part of the world. Unlike parts of Northern Europe that are brutally cold most of the year or parts of Southern Europe that are quite warm most of the year, Macedonia has the best of both worlds. This means that the local vegetation and livestock experience both summer and winter, and otherwise it has very pleasant weather. The food, therefore, is designed to meet the needs of all the different seasons and it uses ingredients that are found during certain times of the year.
The country has a mixed history. At times, things were extremely tough which is reflected in how some form of bread is made part of every meal. Some of the hearty meals that are designed to provide a lot of energy and calories in a single sitting also show that this is the fuel of a hardworking nation. Then there is also the influence of powerful rulers who enjoyed the finer things in life as is seen in the different delicacies such as the stuffed pies and carefully prepared finger food.
If you want to get a taste of this Balkan country, these are some things you will need in your pantry.
Flour
There is also extensive use of filo pastry in both sweet and savory dishes. Again, if this was being made in a traditional Macedonian household, it would start life as good old white flour and then be processed into fine filo sheets. One of the most popular filo pastry-based dishes is Burek. This is a stuffed filo pastry that can either have a sweet or savory stuffing. The one with cream cheese and thinly sliced sausages is a very popular choice. Modern versions of the dish feature pizza stuffing.
One of the most popular dishes in the country is pastrmalija. Essentially, this is a Macedonian pizza, it is usually oval and the ingredient used here is one you'll never guess - pork fat. The pork fat is believed to make the dough soft and also gives it its unique aroma. Modern versions of the dish incorporate Italian recipes and Western flavors but traditionally that was made with mincemeat and an assortment of vegetables and cheese.
Red Bell Peppers
Polneti Piperki is a popular pepper-stuffed recipe in which the vegetable is stuffed with ground meat and rice and baked in an oven. Ajvar is a famous pepper and eggplant spread that is made in large batches and stored. It is applied directly to bread and is eaten as is, for breakfast, as a quick snack, or as a starter. Ajvar is notorious for being a very time-consuming dish to make but it is a signature dish of the Macedonian culture and people love investing their time into making it.
Cabbage
Another very popular, cabbage-based meal is Sarma. These are stuffed cabbage rolls made with fermented cabbage leaves. The fermentation makes the cabbage leaves translucent and also makes them very pliable so that the meat and rice stuffing can be filled and then the leaves can be formed into rolls. This is a must-have winter dish in Macedonia and can either be eaten on its own, usually served with sour cream, or it can be a side dish to the main course. It is a very hearty meal and just a couple of rolls will have you feeling warm and full on a cold winter day. In the summertime, they make a different version of Sarma that uses vine leaves instead of cabbage. Some people also make vegetarian sarma which replaces meat with leek.
Potatoes
Another popular potato dish is Moussaka. This is like lasagne but potatoes are used instead of pasta. It's part lasagne and part shepherd’s pie. Mincemeat and fried onions are stuffed between layers of thinly sliced potatoes and it is baked in the oven for a few hours. The result is a hearty meal that needs nothing more than a good appetite and a few slurps of Rakija to get ready.
Meat
However, one very popular form of grilled meat is the Kebapi. This is a sausage stuffed with minced meat and is usually cooked outdoors over a blazing fire. A slight modification to this menu uses the same minced meat, but without the sausage covering it. It is instead loaded onto a skewer and grilled, a lot like a shish kebab. When the meat is minced it is spiced with red paprika, salt, pepper, and onion is also added to the mix to make it more tender and add moisture. Unlike western sausages, these don't use any kind of processed meat and they are long and thin rather than being short and stout.
The most common kinds of meats that are used are beef, pork, and chicken with chicken being the least popular. If chicken is used, it is usually an organic chicken that has slightly redder meat and the bones are longer and thinner than farm-grown chicken. The poultry is rather tough, but it is cooked till it falls off the bone and has a very meaty taste to it.
Pork is also a local favorite. It is commonly combined with beans in a dish known as Tavce Gravce. This is a very traditional and very old dish consisting of boiled beans and pork that are placed in a clay pot and then baked. It is a classic and quite organic version of modern baked beans. Usually, it is made with pork, but some people also use the traditional sausage or beef ribs in this dish. It is served with bread and is a popular Friday lunch.
White Cheese
Fruits
Macedonian food isn't very spicy though it can be heavy with all the macronutrients. Meals are usually quite simple. Traditional recipes generally consist of a single course while salads and spirits are used as starters. The desserts themselves can be quite heavy with plenty of crispy pastry, creamy fillings, and moderate sweetness. It is very common for neighbors to invite each other over for some Rakija and salad before dinner time. Many of the meals that are cooked throughout the year are the same meals that are used for celebrations, with just a few tweaks. Overall, the food itself is worth a trip to Macedonia.